Respiratory System Structure and Function | Human Respiratory system

Respiratory System  Structure and Function 

Human Respiratory system 

The word respiration means gas exchange so there's three types of respiration the first is external respiration and that actually occurs in our lungs so this is when our bodies are exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between our lungs and the outside world or the exterior external right that's where external comes from so we breathe in the oxygen we breathe out the carbon dioxide

So that exchange process occurs in the lungs it's called external respiration we're going to talk about that a little bit more in just a minute now internal respiration is the exchange of gases in the tissue so again it's an oxygen carbon dioxide exchange but this time it's happening inside and we're actually putting oxygen into the tissues and we're pulling co2 out so it can circulate back to the lungs and then of course do the external respiration part and then we have cell respiration cell respiration still involves seeing oxygen and carbon dioxide switch but instead what's happening is the cells are actually using the oxygen and in that process they are making co2 so all of this is one big cycle we bring in oxygen through our lungs from the outside world we go we take it to the tissues and put it into the tissues and into the cells the cells use that oxygen and make carbon dioxide that carbon dioxide is then exchanged back out of the tissues into the bloodstream goes to the lungs and is exchanged in the lungs to go back to the outside world so we can get rid of it out of our bodies now lastly let's just define the difference between inspiration and expiration inspiration or in Holly is the actual process of pulling air into our lungs so if this is our body that's a nose then we're pulling the air into the lungs that is inspiration or inhalation so we have to get the air in in order for all of the rest of these processes to happen right and then exhalation or expiration is the process of pushing that air back out of the lungs back out to the external environment so we're forcing the air out so that we can get rid of that carbon dioxide so that we can do that full respiratory cycle so basically breathing in and breathing out now make sure that you check out the breathing movements lesson to understand   how both of these things actually happen so now let's talk about the location of the respiratory system now we have both an upper respiratory tract and a lower respiratory tract so in the head and neck we see the upper respiratory tract so it starts with the oral and nasal passageways and those collect together in the pharynx which is the throat and then you can see those come down to where the trachea starts so as the air comes in the nasal passages it's humidified it's mixed comes into the nasopharynx here and the oral pharynx here and then the laryngeal pharynx here once it hits the trachea that actually starts the lower respiratory tract now you'll notice this tube back here that is the esophagus so there's this small piece of tissue right here that is called the epiglottis and the epiglottis actually functions to cover the trachea out while you swallow so that you don't accidentally swallow things down the wrong pipe we've all done it before we know how uncomfortable it is and so if we cover the trachea with the epiglottis then the food can go down the esophagus instead of down the trachea.

human lungs

DR ABDUL WARIS PT