Human respiratory
system is one of the most vital organ system of the body that support one motor
of inhalation external and internal respiration all fiction and phonation we
breathe about 16,000 to 24,000 times a day with the exchange of about 11,000 liter
of air with the atmosphere in this process the oxygen of the atmospheric air is
delivered to the human body which is then utilized by the tissue and the carbon
dioxide which is produced by the human body is exported to the lungs.
Anatomy and Physiology of the respiratory system then we will discuss how the gases transportation occurs and later we will talk about how the respiratory regulation occurs in the human body so first coming to the anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system the human respiratory system has two part the upper respiratory system and the lower respiratory system the upper respiratory system consists nasal cavity pharynx and larynx air entering the nacelle cavity flows through the passage created by the superior middle and inferior nacelle konkey frontal maxilla muscle ethmoid and vomer are the five bones of the nussle cavity that form a framework that support the nose the pharynx is a muscular membranous tube that function as a part of elementary canal and as an airway in the upper respiratory system pharynx consists of three region and they are nestled fairings oropharynx and let me go Farren's the larynx is an organ of complex structure that serve as a dual function as an ear canal to the lung and as the organ of Phoenicians these little framework of the larynx consists of cartilages connected by the membranes the lower respiratory system consists trachea bronchi bronchioles and lungs the trachea extend from the larynx to the upper broader of the t5 vertebra where it branches to form bronchi the trachea is supported by a series of C shaped cartilaginous ring that allow the trachea to change shape to accommodate masses of the food passes through the esophagus the bronchi are the air passage into the lung that begins at the end of the trachea there are two bronchi one for each lung the bronchi divide and Rea divide to form a bronchioles there are two learns in the human body which are located inside the thoracic cage the right lung is bigger than the left the right lung has three lobes and the left has two there are hundreds of millions of alveoli exist inside each lung this alveoli are the ASX sounded by the network of blood vessels that provide space for gases exchange.
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| Respiratory system |
The gas transportation is take place in our body during normal
inhalation air containing oxygen passes through the nose and mouth to the lungs
during normal exhalation air containing carbon dioxide and other ways passes
out the same path this process of moving air in and out of the lung is called
pulmonary ventilation or breathing during normal inhalation the diaphragm and
the external costal muscles contract and a ribcage elevate as a result air
rushes in but during the normal acceleration the muscle relax so air is
expelled out inside the lungs oxygen from the air is exchanged for the waste
carbon dioxide from the bloodstream this process take place in alveoli oxygen
from inhaled air diffuses from the alveoli into the pulmonary capillaries and
the carbon dioxide from oxygen-depleted blood diffuses from the capillaries
into the alveoli now the bloodstream deliver oxygen to cells and remove the
carbon dioxide through the process of internal respiration in the lungs oxygen
is absorbed into the blood by RBC containing hemoglobin oxygen bind to this molecule
the oxygenated blood then moves through the pus culture within the body tissue
the RBC release oxygen which then diffuse through the capillary wall into the
tissue meanwhile the waste carbon dioxide diffuses into the bloodstream where
it is carried inside the RBC and plasma now the deoxygenated blood travels
through vas culture and back to the lungs where carbon dioxide is expelled out
from the body.
Breathing is regulated
by our brain respiration is an involuntary function nerve impulse is transmitted
by the pons and the medulla oblongata to the respiratory center the rate of
normal breathing is 12 to 15 breathe per minute the body adjusts the rate and
depth of the normal breathing in response to metabolic needs when the body uses
more oxygen sensor in the blood called chemoreceptor sends the signals to the
brain so the rate of breathing increases action including talking sneezing and coughing
can also alter breathing pattern for the short period of time.
DR ABDUL WARIS PT
nice
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